Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) was a German philosopher. An original moralist rather than a methodical philosopher, influenced by Schopenhauer and by his early friendship with Richard Wagner, he zealously rejected the "slave morality" of Christianity for a novel, heroic morality that would affirm life. Heading this new society would be a breed of supermen whose "will to power" would set them off from the "herd" of mediocre humanity. His writings, e.g., Thus Spake Zarathustra (1883-91) and Beyond Good and Evil (1886), were later used as a philosophical validation for Nazi doctrines of racial and national superiority; most scholars, though, deem this as a distortion of Nietzsche's thought.
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